Recycling Wastewater with Membrane Technology and The Case of Singapore

Abstract

As a result of the constantly increasing use of water in the world, countries have searched for alternatives to water resources and various studies have been carried out with the available opportunities. One of the studies carried out is the NEWater project on the treatment and reuse of wastewater in Singapore as drinking water. This project has been implemented in the country for 20 years and meets an average of 30% of the country's water needs. With this project, Singapore contributed to its transformation into a global hydroelectric power plant by pioneering innovative water treatment and technologies. However, in this model, the membranes used for wastewater treatment (forward, backward and pressure retarded osmosis and membrane bioreactors) are developed to use advanced oxidation processes, electrochemical methods to directly supply drinking water, especially in countries effort must be made.where water resources are insufficient, or to treat polluted water that causes disease and death. In this study, it is discussed through the NEWater application in Singapore that wastewater can be treated and reused with membrane technology.