Assessing Exposure Levels of Different Groups to Respirable Dust from Building Collapses During the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes

Abstract

In addition to the immediate destruction caused by earthquakes, significant long-term issues arise, including health problems resulting from dust produced during building demolitions. This study aimed to analyze the perceptual effects of this dust on individuals. A survey was conducted to assess the extent of dust exposure among three groups: a) Demolition officers (DO), b) Environmental safety officers (SO), and c. Individuals present during demolition (IP). Participants provided demographic data and responded to 28 questions about their dust exposure levels. The SO group reported the highest impact from dust, both physiologically and psychologically, while the DO and IP groups were less affected. Health issues, particularly respiratory problems, were notably prevalent. The SO group demonstrated higher sensitivity to dust exposure and the need for protective equipment, highlighting the inadequacy of current protective measures. Our findings also revealed that DO and IP groups had insufficient knowledge about the health risks associated with dust exposure and displayed limited interest in using protective measures. Conversely, although the SO group, with higher education levels, demonstrated greater awareness, they also failed to adequately prioritize protective measures. Overall, the results emphasize the need for improved awareness and more effective protective practices for all individuals involved in demolition activities.