Multi Deep Learning Based Approaches for COVID-19 Diagnosis Using Class Resampling on Chest X-Ray Images

Abstract

Nowadays, current medical imaging techniques provide means of diagnosing disorders like the recent COVID-19 and pneumonia due to technological advancements in medicine. However, the lack of sufficient medical experts, particularly amidst the breakout of the epidemic, poses severe challenges in early diagnoses and treatments, resulting in complications and unexpected fatalities. In this study, a CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) model, VGG16 + XGBoost and VGG16 + SVM hybrid models, were used for three-class image classification on a generated dataset named Dataset-A with 6,432 chest CXR (Computed X-Ray) images (containing Normal, Covid-19, and Pneumonia classes). Then, pre-trained ResNet50, Xception, and DenseNet201 models were employed for binary classification on Dataset-B with 7,000 images (consisting of Normal and Covid-19). The suggested CNN model achieved a test accuracy of 98.91%. Then the hybrid models (VGG16 + XGBoost and VGG16 + SVM) gained accuracies of 98.44% and 95.60%, respectively. In our experiments, accuracy rates of 98.90%, 99.14%, and 99.00% were achieved for the fine-tuned ResNet50, Xception, and DenseNet201 models, respectively. Finally, the models were further evaluated and tested, yielding impressive results. These outcomes demonstrate that the models can aid radiologists with robust tools for early lungs related disease diagnoses and treatment.