Determination of The Antibacterial Activities of Stinging Nettle (Urtica Dioica) Ethanol Extract at Different Bacterial Concentrations

Abstract

The study evaluated the antibacterial effect of stinging nettle extract by the liquid microdilution method to obtain quantitative results. Unlike other studies in the literature, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values showing bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects were investigated for four different bacterial concentrations. Six pathogen strains were studied, including Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 45615, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 70063, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and different levels of antimicrobial effects were determined. While the extract does not affect the Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 70063 strain at any level, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 in strains with MIC values 1.5x105 and 1.5x104 cfu/mL were found at concentrations, but no effect was observed at the MBC level. While MIC and MBC values were found at the concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 except for the 1.5x107 concentration, the remaining standard strains had different MIC and MBC values at all concentrations. The standard strain Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 45615 was the most effective with the extract's lowest MIC and MBC values. This study showed that nettle extract (Urtica dioica) would contribute to the research results in the scientific literature on its antimicrobial effect.