Fluorescent Copper Phosphate Nanoflowers: A Novel Toxicity Investigation Study Based On Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Larvae

Abstract

Organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers with commercialization potential are the novel materials and are widely used in many experimental applications, recently. However their potential toxicity values of these nanoflowers are still unknown. In this study, fluorescent copper phosphate nanoflowers (FCPnfs) were first synthesized to constructed via organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflower synthesis method. The morphological features of FCPnfs (acridine orange amount, shape, size) were analyzed. The results showed that different amount of acridine orange caused different morphology and the organic component were homogeneously distributed inside the nanoflowers. These materials were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, and FTIR techniques. The toxic effects of the asprepared FCPnfs were investigated in Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae compared to pure copper phosphate nanoflowers (CPnfs). Nanoflowers were force feed to larvae at the different doses of 0.001, 0.005, 0.010, 0.025, 0.050, 0.100 mg/10 μl. According to probit assay, LC50 and LC99 values of FCPnfs were found 0.490 and 0.145 mg/10 μl, respectively. On the other hand, LC50 and LC99 values of CPnfs were detected 0.066 and 0.172 mg/10 μl, respectively. It was found that the insect exhibited slightly more resistance to CPnfs than FCPnfs when compared to both chemical toxic values. These findings will be offer a new insight into the researchers about knowing the toxic effect of the skeletal structure of new materials to be synthesized using the organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflower method.