The relationship between nitric oxide and cadmium toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings

Abstract

In this study, biochemical responds against different cadmium concentrations (25 µM, 50 µM and 75 µM) in seedlings belonging to three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties applied to different SNP (25 µM and 50 µM) concentrations. As the material of the study, fifteen days old seedlings of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were used. In all applications carried out to the seedlings, hydroponic method was preferred. The seedlings were divided into three groups in which pretreatment of SNP (sodium nitroprusside) for 48 hours were done. After that, different concentrations of cadmium were applied to these three groups to except controls (pure water and SNPs). In addition, reduced glutathione (GSH) / oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio, catalase (CAT) with superokside glutathione (SOD) activities were detected in the leaves. According to the obtained results, (GSH) / (GSSG) ratio reduced in all three varieties; CAT activity was reduced in Bayraktar and Ikizce, but it was increased in Tosunbey. SOD activity was increased all three varieties. The most prominent responses of SOD enzyme activity in the leaves of wheat seedlings were determined in Tosunbey wheats. When the results are evaluated, generally, 50 µM of SNP pre-application was found as more successful than 25 µM of SNP application in terms of attenuating Cd toxicity. SNP was found to have a mitigating effect against Cd depending on the dose.